Wayne Baker, known as “the Gaspereau Man” in Fredericton Junction, has been counting gaspereau by the Oromocto River for over 70 years. He has observed a decline in the gaspereau population over the years, attributing it to changes in the environment affecting the fish.
Gaspereau, which encompass alewives and blueback herring, are essential as a “keystone species,” transferring nutrients from the ocean inland and sustaining local plant and wildlife populations. These fish also serve as a food source for various predators like eagles, otters, and bears as they migrate towards their spawning grounds.
Commercially caught gaspereau are primarily used as lobster bait due to their bony structure, making them less popular for recreational fishing. However, Baker enjoys preparing them by brining, coating with maple syrup, and smoking in his smokehouse for a delectable treat.
Baker diligently monitors the number of gaspereau migrating upstream to assess the overall health of the population. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of gaspereau successfully passing through the Mactaquac Dam, aiding their spawning efforts.
The federal Fisheries Department previously limited the transportation of gaspereau above the dam, with surplus fish being auctioned off to the highest bidder. However, recent changes have allowed for more gaspereau to migrate freely, resulting in a substantial rise in the number of fish reaching their spawning grounds.
While the decision to enhance fish passage infrastructure at the Mactaquac Dam is welcomed, some stakeholders like Baker and Mathieu Cormier advocate for the installation of a fish ladder to further aid in the fish migration process. Cormier, a longtime gaspereau fisherman, emphasizes the importance of balancing conservation efforts with sustainable fishing practices to ensure the longevity of the species.
Overall, the efforts to facilitate the migration of gaspereau above the dam are viewed positively by individuals like Cormier, Baker, and Patty Savoy, who highlight the significance of these fish for ecological balance and cultural practices within the community. The promotion of sustainable fish passage methods and conservation initiatives are crucial in preserving the gaspereau population for future generations.